Improvement in motors for signal-alarms



3 Sheets-Sh'eetL J. WALK.

lImprovement in Motors for Signal-Alarms. N0.128,683I

Patented July 2, 1872.

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` Improvement in Motors forS'gnaI-Alarms.`

No.128,683,.V vFiller-ZE l Patentedlulyznsu.

:such effect at pleasure. Apreventing the `collapse of the air-chambersPATENT *Orrrcn JOHANN wALx, or VIENNA, AUSTRIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN MOTORS FOR SlGNAL-ALARMS.

v Specification forming part of Letters PatentNo. 128,683, dated July 2,1872.

I, JOHANN WALK, of the Austrian Escompte Company, of Vienna, in theEmpire of Austria, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Motorsfor Signal-Alarms, of which the following is a specification:

My invention relates to that class of signalalarms operated byaerostatic means g and my 4said invention consists, rst, in a novelarrangement and combination of devices to effect the operation of thealarm through the medium of compressed air, and to interrupt Second, inmeans for when rareiied air is used. Third, the combination of devicesto prevent the operation of "the alarm when used with either compressedor rareted air, when desired, for legitimate operation or removal of theobject protected. Fourth, in the combination of devices to effeet aconnection between the air-chambers ot' the body andthose of the door ordoors of the safe or object protected.

ln the drawing, Figures l and 3 show my improved motor asapplied to asafe and used with rareed air. y Fig. 2 shows an indicating attachmentto the same. Figs. 4 and 5-are modications of air-tight iiexibleconnections between the air-chambers. Fig. 6 is a modiiication of thedevice shown in Fig. 3; and Fig. 7 shows my apparatus as used withcompressed air.

My invention can be applied in two wayseither by compressed air or byrareed air.

I will first illustrate the 'former method by describing its applicationto a safe, as shown on Sheet 3, Fig. 7, of the drawing.

The safe is iitted on its inside with additional walls, so that anair-space, c,is around its entire interior. The outside door is providedwith a similar air-space, which is connected to the air-space of thesafe-body by means offan India-rubber pipe, m, and the hollow axis b, asshown in Fig. 4, where n3 is the door, having a hollow axis, b,andturning upon its pivot n4, and is connected to the air-space in theside walls of the safe by a flexible tube, m, which unites mrecesses n2,so arranged that a column or mass of quiclrsilver standing level intheserecesses will also ll the tube and thus shutoii'` air connection; but itthe equilibrium of this quicksilver is disturbed by any cause fromeither recess, the pressure on the quicksilver will drive the same intothat airspace in either door or safe which has been meddled with, and sochange the pressure in the sound air-space, thereby operating the alarm,as will be hereinafter more fully described. In Fig. 5 this connectionis shown continuous, the air-spaces in the door and safe not being shutoft' from eachother, the quicksilver being situated around the tube in,a space formed by a larger surrounding-tube, o, the inner tube beingkept expanded by means of a wire coil, o. In this case unauthorizedmeddling with the safe will cause the quicksilver to ow into the innertube by overflowing the space around the same, and thus interruptcommunication between the air-spaces, and thus cause a cha ge ofpressure to operate the alarm.

The perpendicular capillary transp arent tube c carries the bulbs d d1,the distance of which from each other corresponds with the greatestpossible difference of the amount of pressure on the air in theair-space a, caused by the change in the temperature in the outeratmospherc. On the `surface of the quicksilver in the cylinder f thepiston c iioats, the rod e1 of which acts uponthe lever u, through whichthe signal apparatus, inclosed in an air-tight box, k1, is operated.

The cylinder f and the bulbs d d? are secured on the inside of the safeso as to be visible when the door is opened and the signal-apparatus boxk1 is secured on the outside or top of the safe, or any lother suitableplace connecting with the air-space by means of the tube al, and withthe cylinder f by means of tube f1, which surrounds the rod el. Air isthen pumped into the air-space a through an opening, la, in thesignal-apparatus box k1, which forces the piston c downwardly until thequicksilver in tube c has reached a height corresponding with theoutside temperature, the upper bulb d communicating with the air in thesafe by means of a small open tube, d2. The distance between the bulbs ddland the sensitiveness of the apparatus depends upon the height of thecolumn ofquicksilver in tube c. If, by any damage that may be done toeither the inner or outer wall of the safe, the pressure of the air inthe air-space, either by having formed an opening through which toescape or by. being expanded through heat of -tire,

is changed beyond the limits which rcould be produced by 'a naturalchange ofthe outer atmosphere, the equilibrium ofthe quicksilver isdestroyed, and it will, if the compressed air is released, rise incylinder j' or, if the air is forcibly compressed the piston e willpress the quicksilver down in the cylinder and cause it to rise throughtube c1 into bulb d1, in either case affecting the rod e1, through whichthe signal apparatus is operated. A like result is eifected by theunauthorized removal of a safe 5 for it' the same be tipped over so muchas to cause .the quicksilver to rise in tube c, the

pressure of the air in air-space a Vwill force the piston e down, thusoperating the signal It' itis desi-red to move a safe u ,through rodel.. A without settin g off the alarm, a thumb-screw,

r, in bulb d, may be turned down so as to close the tube c and shut itoff from the atmosphere, when the safe can be moved and tipped withoutdisturbing the equilibrium of the quicksilver; or, the quicksilver maybe entirely removed from the cylinder f, after securing the bell-cranklever g, which holds the hammer through which the alarm is set off, bymeans of turning the lever p so as to seize over and hold the lever g,and securing the lever p by means of a thumb-screw, p-all these partsbeing on the inside of the safe and signal-apparatus box, so that theycan be operated only from the inside of the safe.` The removal of thequicksilver from thecylinder f is effected by removing the bulb d fromthe wall and bending it downward, which may be done by forming a part,s, of it of India rubber, so that all the quicksilver is by the pressureof the air forced and runs into bulb d, which is suf:

liciently large for thatpurpose, and by then closing the opening of saidbulb by thumbscrew r, the tube d2 having, of course, been suitablyclosed before. It will be readily understood that any kind of alarmapparatus may be used, and arranged to be operated by the rising andfalling of rod el. On Sheets l and 2 I have shown the construction ofthe apparatus when used with rareed air. In this case the air-spaces aare filled with bent wires c2 to prevent the collapse of the walls. Inthis case, also, the rod e1, Figs. 1 a-nd 3, carries at its lower endmerely a plate, e2, surrounded by a exible air-tight bag, e3, and thecylinder f is not connected to or provided with bulbs. The surroundingtube f1 is connected with the air-space a by means of a iiexible tube,b2, while thewalls,`to strengthen them, may form separate air-chambersa, connected to each other by suitable air-tight flexible tubes b3,Figs. 3 and 4. In this case the air is pumped out from the air-chambers,so as to collapse the flexible bag e3. If any of the walls are injuredand air admitted, its rush will expand this bag, forcing the quicksilverout of the cylinder through openin g l, and allowing the spring k2. todepress rod el, thus setting free the alarm. The power of spring k2.must be, of course, less than the weight of the atmosphere, exertedthrough the opening l up on the quicksilver :and .under sideof bag etand plate e?, elise the spring would operate the rod. In Fig. 6 is showna method of operating the alarm by raising the rod e1 or itsequivalent.1 In this case the bag ca is under the pilston, which lattersinks when the bag is collapsed by pumping out ofthe air, while, whenair is admitted, the bag expands and raises the piston or oat e2. InFigs, 2, and 3 is a screw, l1, passing through air-tight bearings in theunder side of the cylinder f, and which,

when the apparatus is put into operation, is

screwed out, so that its upper and inner end is flush with the bottom ofcylinder f, as shown, and the screw l2, Fig. 3, which fits into openingl, is removed to allow the exertion ofthe weight of the atmosphere. Inmoving the safe the screw l2 is made to close the open-l ing tto preventthe overow of the quicksilver, and the screw Z1 is screwed up until itsupper and inner end touches the bag c3 and plate e2, thus firmly holdingthe latter and preventing the spring k2 from forcing the rod eldownwardly.'

Fig. 2 shows the attachment of indicator to illustrate the pressure ofthe atmosphere on the quicksilver. A glass tube, t, on-a metal scale, w,connects with the cylinder f by means of a tube, a?, and as the top ofthe tube e must be arranged in the safe or other article to which thisinvention is applied in such a manner that only an unauthorized pressurewill drive the quicksilver, out of the tube e, thus a glance at the tubec will indicate the natural change of the atmosphere and the amount ofits pressure.

In Figs. 1 and 3 the alarm is shown as pro-` duced by means of thedescent of the hammer when released by the rod el; in Fig. 7 the hainmeris elevated for that purpose. In each case the hammer is operated bymeans. o f a spring, the rod el, by its upward or downward movement,releasingit. The hammer, on being re'- leased, comes into forciblecontact with adetonatingV mass suitably arranged in the box k1, andconnecting with an explosive alarm mass.

I am well aware that signalalarms4 have been operated by means ofaerostatic changes, and this I do not claim ;fbut in all the devicesheretofore used the protection afforded has been but partial, and alegitimate approach to or entrance into the object thus protected couldbe effected only by disconnecting by suitable means the alarm from saidobject to prevent the alarm from being set offri or the alarm isoperate'd, whether the approach is legitimate or otherwise, which, forsignaling at a distance, would not secure the object sought to beattained. In my invention only illegitimate approach to or entrance intothe object protected willbe indicated, as by means of improvedfiexiblaconnections the doors of 'a safe or the doors and windows of ahouse may be opened at any time Without operating the ala-rm; while, ifthey are properly locked and entrance is tried to be effected by workingthrough them, the alarm is instantly set off by the change in thedensity of the air in the different chambers.

AHavingdescribed my invention,'I'jclaim-" f 1. The bulbsd d1, incombination Withlthe air-spacesmtubesc,c1,fandf1, the cylinder f, pistone, and `connecting-rod e1, as a means `for operating the alarm throughthe medium of compressed air, substantallyas described.

r 12. The Wirebracing `c2 in the air-chambers, las ameans of preventingcollapse of the Walls of said air-chambers' when used with rarefiedlair, substantially as described, and as shown in Figs. l and 3 of thedrawing.

3.\Theco1nbination of the lever p, thumb- "screw p', valve r in bulb d,and llexible convnecting-izubegas a means of preventing the` Aoperationof the alarmwhen desired, and when `used with compressed air,substantially as de-l scribed, andshown in Fig. 7 of the drawing.

4. In combination with the 'connecting-rod el, plate e2, flexible bage3, cylinder j, and inclosing-tube f1, I claim the thumb-screws Z1 and las a means of preventing the operation of the alarm when desired, andlwhen used with rareed air, substantially as described, and shown inFig. 8 of the drawing.

5. The combination of the air-spaces a, hollow axle b of door n3,recesses n2, and tube m filled with quiclcsilver, as a connectionbetween the door and the body of the safe, substantially as described,and shown in Fig. 4 of the draw ing.

JOHANN WALK.

Witnesses: v

AUGUST ScHR ORDER, CARL F. MEYER.

